Description of IP protection level of global electrical products (recommended Collection)
Writer： Hengfeng you electric Time：2023-04-03 views：times
IP protection level is the abbreviation of ingress protection. The protection level system is drafted by IEC (international electrical component), which classifies electrical appliances according to their characteristics of dust and moisture prevention. Today, let Evan, the electrical engineer of hengfengyou, share with you the common sense of IP protection level in detail:
IP protection level is composed of two numbers. The first number represents the level of dust prevention and foreign object intrusion prevention of electrical appliances, and the second number represents the tightness of electrical appliances against moisture and water intrusion. The larger the number, the higher the protection level. There are two current national standards in China, namely: the waterproof and dustproof grade of the instrument. The standards that can be referred to are: gb4208-2008 / iec60529:2001 enclosure protection grade (IP mark); GB2423. 37-2006 environmental test for electric and electronic products Part 2: Test Method Test L: sand and dust test, etc.
Expression method of IP protection level
Protection grade, IP protection grade, IP65
The protection level is usually expressed by IP followed by two numbers, which are used to clarify the protection level.
The first digit indicates the range of dust resistance of the equipment, or the degree to which people are protected from hazards in a sealed environment. Represents the level of preventing the entry of solid foreign matters, and the highest level is 6;
The second digit indicates how waterproof the equipment is. Represents the level of water prevention, and the highest level is 8.
First digit after IP: dustproof grade
number Protection range explain
0 Unprotected No special protection for external people or objects.
one Prevent the intrusion of solid foreign objects with a diameter greater than 50mm Prevent the human body (such as palm) from accidentally contacting the parts inside the electrical appliance, and prevent the intrusion of foreign objects with large size (diameter greater than 50mm).
two Prevent the intrusion of solid foreign objects with a diameter greater than 12.5mm Prevent people's fingers from contacting the parts inside the electrical appliance and prevent the intrusion of foreign objects with medium size (diameter greater than 12.5mm).
three Prevent the intrusion of solid foreign objects with a diameter greater than 2.5mm Prevent tools, wires and similar small foreign objects with diameter or thickness greater than 2.5mm from invading and contacting the parts inside the electrical appliance.
four Prevent the intrusion of solid foreign objects with a diameter greater than 1.0mm Prevent tools, wires and similar small foreign objects with diameter or thickness greater than 1.0mm from invading and contacting the parts inside the electrical appliance.
five Prevent foreign objects and dust Completely prevent the invasion of foreign objects. Although it can not completely prevent the invasion of dust, the amount of dust will not affect the normal operation of electrical appliances.
six Prevent foreign objects and dust Completely prevent the invasion of foreign objects and dust.
The second digit after IP: waterproof grade
number Protection range explain
0 Unprotected No special protection against water or moisture.
one Prevent water droplet immersion Vertically falling water droplets (such as condensate) will not cause damage to electrical appliances
two When tilted 15 degrees, water droplets can still be prevented from immersion When the appliance is tilted from vertical to 15 degrees, dripping water will not cause damage to the appliance.
three Prevent spraying water from immersion Protect against rain or damage caused by water sprayed in the direction with an included angle of less than 60 degrees from the vertical.
four Prevent splashing water from immersion Prevent the water splashed from all directions from invading the electrical appliance and causing damage
five Prevent spray water from immersion Prevent the water from all directions emitted from the nozzle from invading the electrical appliance and causing damage.
six Prevent big wave immersion The electrical appliances installed on the deck can prevent damage caused by big waves.
seven Prevent water immersion during immersion If the electric appliance is immersed in water for a certain time or the water pressure is below a certain standard, it can ensure that it will not be damaged due to immersion.
eight Prevent the immersion of water when sinking The electric appliance sinks under the specified water pressure indefinitely, which can ensure that it will not be damaged by immersion.
IP test scope
The waterproof test includes the second characteristic number of 1 to 8, that is, the protection grade code is ipx1 to ipx8.
Grade waterproof
⑴IPX 1
Method name: vertical dripping test
Test equipment: drip test device
Sample placement: place the sample on the rotating sample table at 1R / min according to the normal working position of the sample, and the distance from the top of the sample to the drip port shall not be greater than 200mm
Test conditions: the dripping amount is 10.05 mm / min
Duration: 10 min
⑵IPX 2
Method name: inclined 15 ° drip test
Test equipment: drip test device
Sample placement: make one surface of the sample form an angle of 15 ° with the vertical line, and the distance from the top of the sample to the drip port shall not be greater than 200mm. After each test, change another face for four times.
Test conditions: the dripping amount is 30.5 mm / min
Duration: 4 × 2.5 min (10 min in total)
⑶IPX 3
Method name: drenching test
Test method:
a. Swing tube water spraying test
Test equipment: swinging tube type water spraying and splashing test device
Sample placement: select a swing tube with appropriate radius, make the height of the sample table at the position of the swing tube diameter, and place the sample on the sample table, so that the distance from its top to the sample spray port is not more than 200mm, and the sample table does not rotate.
Test conditions: the water flow is calculated according to the number of spray holes of the swing pipe, and each hole is 0.07l/min. During water spraying, the water from the spray holes in the 60 ° arc section on both sides of the midpoint of the swing pipe is sprayed to the sample. Place the sample at the center of the semicircle of the pendulum tube. The pendulum tube swings 60 ° on both sides of the vertical line, a total of 120 °. Each swing (2) × 120 °) about 4S
Test time: continuous watering for 10 min
b. Sprinkler spray test
Hand held water splash test equipment
Sample placement: make the parallel distance from the top of the test to the spray port of the hand-held sprinkler between 300mm and 500mm
Test conditions: the baffle with balance weight shall be installed during the test, and the water flow shall be 10L / min
Test time: calculated according to the shell surface area of the tested sample, 1 min per square meter (excluding the installation area), at least 5 min
⑷IPX 4
Method name: splash test
Test method:
a. Pendulum tube splash test
Test equipment and sample placement: the same as paragraph a of IPX 3 above;
Test conditions: except for the following conditions, they are the same as paragraph a of IPX 3 above; The water spraying area is the water spraying area of the water spraying hole in the 90 ° arc section on both sides of the midpoint of the pendulum tube, which is sprayed to the sample. Place the sample at the center of the semicircle of the pendulum tube. The pendulum tube swings 180 ° on both sides of the vertical line, with a total of about 360 °. Each swing (2) × 360 °) about 12s
Test time: the same as paragraph a of IPX 3 above (i.e. 10 min).
b. Sprinkler splash test
Test equipment and sample placement: the same as paragraph B of IPX 3 above;
Test conditions: remove the baffle with counterweight installed on the equipment, and the rest are the same as paragraph B of IPX 3 above;
Test time: the same as paragraph B of IPX 3 above, i.e. 1 min per square meter (excluding installation area) and at least 5 min based on the shell surface area of the tested sample
⑸IPX 5
Method name: water spray test
Test equipment: the inner diameter of the spray nozzle is 6.3mm
Test conditions: the distance between the test sample and the water spray port is 2.5m ~ 3M, and the water flow is 12.5 L / min (750 L / h)
Test time: 1 min per square meter (excluding installation area) based on the shell surface area of the tested sample, at least 3 min
⑹IPX 6
Method name: strong water spray test;
Test equipment: the inner diameter of the spray port of the nozzle is 12.5 mm
Test conditions: the distance between the test sample and the water spray port is 2.5m ~ 3M, and the water flow is 100 L / min (6000 L / h)
Test time: 1 min per square meter (excluding installation area) based on the shell surface area of the tested sample, at least 3 min
⑺IPX 7
Method name: short time immersion test
Test equipment and test conditions: immersion tank. The size shall be such that the distance from the bottom of the sample to the water surface shall be at least 1m after the sample is put into the immersion tank. The distance from the top of the sample to the water surface shall be at least 0.15m
Test time: 30 min
⑻IPX 8
Method name: continuous diving test;
Test equipment, test conditions and test time: it shall be agreed by the supplier and the buyer, and its severity shall be higher than IPX 7.
Note: in addition, many outdoor electronic products also emphasize floating ability.
IP (ingress protection) protection grade and waterproof test are based on the following standards:
1) International protection and waterproof test standard drafted by IEC (International Electrical Communication): International Electrotechnical Commission Standard IEC 529 – 598
2) National standard GB 700-86
3) GB 4208-2008 enclosure protection class (IP code), etc.
IP protection level laboratory: the laboratories that can carry out IP level test mainly include Yitong testing laboratory, environmental reliability and electromagnetic compatibility testing center, aerospace environmental reliability testing and testing center, Suzhou Institute of electrical Sciences, national electrical product quality supervision and inspection center, etc.
Level definition
IP means ingress protection IEC IP protection grade is an important for the safety protection of electrical equipment IP and other protection grade systems provide a method to classify products based on the dust-proof, waterproof and anti-collision degree of electrical equipment and packaging. This system has been recognized by most European countries, drafted by IEC (International Electro technical Commission) and announced in the IP code of ied529 (BS en60529:1992).
The protection level is usually expressed by IP followed by two numbers, which are used to clarify the protection level.
The first number indicates the range of dust resistance of the equipment, or the degree to which people are protected from hazards in a sealed environment. I represents the level of preventing the entry of solid foreign matters, and the highest level is 6;
The second number indicates how waterproof the equipment is. P stands for the level of preventing water inflow, and the highest level is 8.
For example, the protection grade of the motor is IP65, IP55, etc
Level of protection against contact with electrical equipment and foreign objects (the first number) level of waterproof protection for electrical equipment (the second number)
The first digital dustproof protection range and the second digital waterproof protection range
0 unprotected - 0 unprotected-
1. The solid foreign body detector with diameter of 50mm and larger shall be protected. The diameter of the sphere shall be 50mm and shall not completely enter 1 water drop. The water drop falling vertically shall not cause damage;
2. The solid foreign body detector with the diameter of 12.5mm and larger shall be protected. The ball diameter is 12.5mm. It shall not completely enter the 2 cabinet. When the cabinet is tilted 15 degrees, the water drops falling vertically shall not cause damage when the cabinet is tilted 15 degrees to either side;
3. The solid foreign body detector with diameter of 2.5mm and larger shall be protected. The diameter of the sphere is 2.5mm. The splashed water shall not completely enter the 3 protection. The water splashed from both sides of the vertical line at an angle of 60 degrees shall not cause damage;
4. The solid foreign body detector with the diameter of 1.0mm and larger shall be protected. The sphere diameter is 1.0mm. It shall not completely enter the 4 protective water spray. The water spray aligned with the cabinet from each direction shall not cause damage;
5. It is impossible for dust protection to completely prevent dust from entering, but the amount of dust entering will not cause damage to the equipment. 5. The water jet aimed at the cabinet from each direction shall not cause damage;
6. The dust enclosed cabinet shall not enter the dust at a low pressure of 20 mbar. 6. The strong jet water aimed at the cabinet from each direction shall not cause damage;
7. When the protective short-time immersion cabinet is immersed in water for a short time under standard pressure, there shall be no water immersion that can cause damage;
8 protection long-term immersion can be immersed in water under specific conditions without causing damage.
Note: the diameter of the detector shall not pass through the hole of the cabinet
Know the waterproof grade JIS (IPX) of electronic products:
0 unprotected
1 anti drip type I water drops falling vertically have no harmful effects
2. Drip proof type II water drops falling within 15 "from the vertical direction have no harmful effect
3. The rainproof type has no harmful effect on rainfall within 60 degrees from the vertical direction
4. The splash proof type has no harmful effect due to water splashing in any direction
5. The anti spraying type is directly sprayed by water in any direction without harmful influence
Water resistant type 6 will not be directly sprayed in any direction
7. The anti immersion type will not enter the interior even if immersed in water under the specified conditions
8 water type can still be used after being immersed in water with certain pressure for a long time
9. The moisture proof type can still be used when the relative humidity is more than 90%
The IP waterproof grade of the international industrial standard is close to the JIS waterproof grade of the Japanese industrial standard, which is divided into 9 grades of 0-8. The IP grade also stipulates dust prevention. Ipxx dustproof and waterproof grade
Dust proof grade (the first X indicates):
0: no protection
1: Prevent large solid intrusion
2: Prevent the intrusion of medium-sized solids
3: Prevent small solids from entering
4: Prevent solid objects larger than 1mm from entering
5: Prevent harmful dust accumulation
6: Completely prevent dust from entering
Waterproof grade (indicated by the second x)
0: no protection
1: There is no effect when water drops into the shell
2: When the shell is tilted to 15 degrees, the water drops into the shell have no effect
3: Water or rain has no effect from the 60 degree corner to the shell
4: The liquid splashed on the shell from any direction has no harmful effect
5: Rinse with water without any harm
6: It can be used for the environment in the cabin
7: It can withstand immersion in a short time (1m)
8: Immerse in water for a long time under a certain pressure
For example, the XDM series distribution box produced by hengfengyou Electric has a marked protection grade of IP65, which means that the product can completely prevent dust from entering and can be washed with water without any damage.
